Piezoelectricity is the property possessed by some materials to become electrically charged (generate a voltage) when subjected to a mechanical stress. These materials also show the converse effect by undergoing mechanical deformation with the application of an electric field. The effect was first discovered in 1880 in naturally-occurring single cr
ystals such as quartz. The origin of the piezoelectric effect is related to an asymmetry in the unit cell and the resultant generation of electric dipoles due to mechanical distortion. Polycrystalline ceramics exhibit piezoelectricity under certain conditions. A remnant polarization can be created in these materials by thermally-assisted alignment of dipoles under an external field. Sensor Tech manufactures multi component solid ceramics based on several piezoelectric materials, including lead zirconate titanate, lead metaniobate, lead titanate, lead magnesium niobate and modifications of these compositions. These compositions can meet a range of specifications for a wide variety of applications. Currently, crystalline silicon is the main material of photovoltaic materials. It has a occupation of more 90% in photovoltaic market. In the following decades, it will still become the dominate material of solar battery, as is known to all, the production technology of polycrystalline material has been mastered by European countries, America and Japan for a long time, this makes a condition of monopolization and technology blockade. The main demand for polycrystalline material is from semiconductor and solar battery. According to different request of purity, it can be divided into electric class and solar energy class, among them, the polycrystalline silicon which is regarded as electric class occupies 55% of the whole polycrystalline silicon, the rest of it is solar energy class. Now with the rapid development of photovoltaic material machinery, the demand of polycrystalline silicon at solar battery is ever increasing.
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